14 February 2022

Expectations of More and Higher Interest Rate Hikes Drive Resolution for S&P 500

The highest year-over-year inflation since 1982 has resolved a question we had about investor expectations for the S&P 500 (Index: SPX).

We had been debating whether the sharp decline in U.S. stock prices after Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell spoke marked a significant shift in how investors weight the future or if it was a noisy outlier event in a longer established trend. The news of the past week however has resolved the question by giving us enough additional data points: it was a noisy outlier event.

We're able to make that determination because the trajectory of the S&P 500 during the past week has closely tracked the alternate trajectories associated with investors focusing on either 2022-Q1 or 2022-Q2 according to how they would be set if the trend established since 16 June 2021 has remained intact. The following chart reveals the close correlation that has developed:

Alternative Futures - S&P 500 - 2022Q1 - Standard Model (m=-2.5 from 16 June 2021) - Snapshot on 11 Feb 2022 with redzone forecast starting 21 Feb 2022

As you can see however, we've now reached a point where we have a very different challenge to sort out. Since the dividend futures-based model behind these trajectories uses historic stock prices as the base reference points from which its projections of the future are made, its accuracy is affected by the "echoes" of past volatility in stock prices. We've added the redzone forecast range to this chart to compensate for that effect, which assumes investors will continue focusing on the upcoming two quarters of 2022-Q1 and Q2 through the end of March 2022, which makes sense given the likely timing and uncertainty associated with the Fed's upcoming rate hikes to deal with President Biden's inflation.

Here's our wrap-up of the past week's market moving headlines:

Monday, 7 February 2022
Tuesday, 8 February 2022
Wednesday, 9 February 2022
Thursday, 10 February 2022
Friday, 11 February 2022

As of the close of trading on 11 February 2022, the CME Group's FedWatch Tool projects a half-point rate hike in March 2022 (2022-Q1), followed by quarter point rate hikes in May 2022 (2022-Q2), June 2022 (2022-Q2), July 2022 (2022-Q3), September 2022 (2022-Q3) and December (2022-Q4). If you weren't counting, that's six rate hikes in 2022.

On a more positive note, the Atlanta Fed's GDPNow tool shows real GDP growth of 0.7% for the current first quarter of 2022 (as of 9 February 2022), thanks largely to updated wholesale trade data.